Lost Spring

Notes

The Last Lesson – Notes

Author: Alphonse Daudet

Book: Flamingo – Prose

Genre: Short Story

1. Introduction

Have you ever ignored something important because you thought you would have plenty of time to do it later?

Suppose you keep postponing your English lessons. One day, you discover that you will never have another chance to attend them. How would you feel?

This is what happens to Franz in "The Last Lesson". The story shows how people often realise the value of their language, education and freedom only when they are about to lose them.

2. Historical Background

The story is set in Alsace, a region of France, during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71.

After France's defeat, Alsace and Lorraine came under Prussian control. An order was issued from Berlin that only German would be taught in the schools of these districts.

As a result, M. Hamel, a French teacher, had to give his last French lesson.

3. Main Characters

Franz

Franz is a young schoolboy and the narrator of the story. At first, he dislikes studying French grammar and often wastes his time. However, the announcement of the last French lesson changes his attitude. He begins to value his language and regrets not studying seriously.

M. Hamel

M. Hamel is Franz's French teacher. He has taught at the school for forty years. He is strict but dedicated, patriotic and deeply attached to the French language. On his last day, he teaches with patience and emotion.

Old Hauser and the Villagers

Old Hauser, the former mayor, the former postmaster and other villagers attend the last lesson. Their presence shows their respect for M. Hamel and their regret at neglecting their language.

4. Detailed Summary

A. Franz Is Late for School

One morning, Franz is late for school. He is afraid because M. Hamel may ask questions about participles, and Franz has not prepared the lesson.

For a moment, he thinks about spending the day outdoors. The weather is pleasant, birds are singing and Prussian soldiers are drilling in the open field. However, Franz decides to go to school.